CCTV camera system installation tips

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1. Selecting a cable

Selecting a good cable is essential for a reliable CCTV system. As there a several options Let's find out the advantages and disadvantages of each.  

1. Coaxial cables



Coaxial cable is the default cable that has been used to transfer video signals between the camera and video recorder since the very beginning of the introduction of CCTV systems. But using this cable has some disadvantages as well as advantages.

Advantages 

  • The loss of the cable is very low compared to other cables.
  • Strength is relatively good
Disadvantages

  • Heavy and Bulky therefore difficult to install
  • Need a separate way for camera power
  • Cost is relatively high
2. CAT 5/CAT 6 network cables   
Cat 5 or Cat 6 cables can be used for CCTV using passive video Baluns which convert a UTP cable near characteristics of a Coaxial cable. This cable also has its own advantages and disadvantages.

Advantages
  • Not heavy and is easy to install
  • Both video signal and power can be sent through the same cable
  • Cost is relatively low mainly due to no requirement for a separate power cable 
Disadvantages
  • Not as strong as coaxial cable and is easily breakable
  • Can easily be destroyed by rats if installed without proper protection like conduit or casings 
  • Needed separate video Baluns for each side which has an extra cost and a possibility of failure 
 Video Balun pair




 2. Power Backup system

It is strongly recommended to use a UPS as a power backup for the CCTV system to protect the system. sudden power interruptions. Sometimes it may result in corrupt files in hard disk or hard disk failure.
As there are so many UPS models in the market a UPS can be selected according to necessity. There are industrial-type UPS that have a power backup of up to 12 hours or more. But those are more expensive. 
Normal computer UPS

Industrial-type UPS


3. Selecting a hard drive
A hard drive is needed to install in the DVR to record the video. A reliable hard disk drive should be installed for a reliable CCTV system. So it is recommended to use a well-known hard disk brand. Another fact that must be kept in mind is the size of the hard drive. The size of the files created by the DVR depends on the DVR brand, No of cameras in the system, and the picture quality of the cameras. So I recommend at least going for a 1 TB hard drive if you need a satisfactory duration of videos.          

1 TB hard disk 

4. Selecting a DVR
Although there are so many DVR brands in the market it's better to go for a well-known brand. Different DVRs have different functions. Modern DVRs even have AI features such as object recognition. The next thing to consider is the number of channels of the DVR. DVR channels are in powers of 2. (4,8,16 etc). The number of DVR channels depends on the number of cameras that you are going to implement into the system.   
4 channel DVR

8 channel DVR

16  channel DVR



5. Deciding camera requirement
The number of cameras required depends on the size of the premises and the necessity of coverage area. The total cost will be higher when the camera number increases. Therefore it is wiser to try to cover as much area with a single camera as possible. However, this may depend on the quality and type of the camera. So it is always better to select good quality cameras and select cameras according to requirements. For example, if cameras are installed outside open areas we have to go with cameras with good IP ratings.  

6. CCTV camera wiring           

Good wiring is essential for a reliable CCTV system. Cables should be wired through conduits, casing, and flexible wires as possible. Otherwise, there is a risk of destroying cables by rats which even can be harmful to the DVR if cables are shorted. When using casing it is better to use Silicon to cover open spaces of casing to protect from ants and moisture.     


 





 

    

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